Proposal of a addressing mechanism for ad-hoc network

アドホックネットワークは1990年代末以降活発に研究がなされてきた。現在、アドホックネットワークの課題として経路探索に伴うノード検索パケットによるネットワーク帯域の消費がある。この間題に対する一つの解決手法としてノードに位置情報としての意味を持たせ、それを基にルーティングを行うGreedyルーティングプロトコルと呼ばれるプロトコル群がある　Greedyルーティングプロトコルでは位置情報を基にルーティングを行うためルーティングアルゴリズムとは別にネットワーク内の端末にアドレスを割り当てる機構が組み込まれている場合があるが、既存手法では位置情報として地理的な情報を元にしているためノード間の接続状況を反映したものとはならない。そこで本報告ではノードの位置情報と接続情報を考慮ことで既存の割当手法に比べ破棄パケットの発生を低減する手法 を提案する。 Prom the end of 1990's, lots of researchers have discussed the ad-hoc networks. We consider that searching node packets to establish a path to a destination node in ad-hoc networks consume network bandwidth. Several Greedy forwarding protocols, which axe based on information of node location, have been proposed to solve this problem. Greedy forwarding protocol usually has addressing mechanism that assigns IP address according to location information of nodes. However, the information of existing techniques does not reflect link state. In this report, we propose a mechanism for addressing, which lowers rate of loss packets than existing mechanism with the position information reflection of link state

Franco-Japanese Research Collaboration on Constraint Programming

International audienceConstraint programming is an emergent technology that allows modeling and solving various problems in many areas such as artificial intelligence, computer programming, computer-aided design, computer graphics, and user interfaces. In this report, we provide recent activities of research collaboration on constraint programming conducted by the authors and other researchers in France and Japan. First, we outline our joint research projects on constraint programming, and then present the backgrounds, goals, and approaches of several research topics treated in the projects. Second, we describe the two Franco-Japanese Workshops on Constraint Programming (FJCP), which we organized in Japan in October 2004 and in France in November 2005. We conclude with future prospects for collaboration between French and Japanese researchers in this area

Invisible Mutuality between Structural Inertia and Learning Disability - A Case Study of the West Japan Railway Accident 4.25 -

This article examines a case study of the JR (Japan Railways) West accident, which was the worst railway accident in Japanese history. The purpose of this research is to prevent similar accidents by focusing on organizational ‘learning disabilities’ (Garvin, 2000). We review firstly a summary of the JR accident. Secondly we review the irrational behaviour of the driver involved, which originated in the system of re-education of the JR West Company known as ‘Nikkin Kyoiku’. Thirdly, we examine the interference with organizational learning bounded by ‘structural inertia’, and finally, we review the ‘organizational disaster’ in relation to the ‘learning disability’. This research is concerned with compliance and corporate governance

Our Stolen Sustainability Unsafe Eden Contaminated by Environmental Hormones

When we speak of sustainable development in the context of modern society, what does it actually mean? Here we would like to address the issue of environmental contamination and explore the conditions required to move toward human coexistence and symbiosis with the natural environment. Studying the effect of ‘environmental hormones’ and endocrine disruptors on the ecosystem, Theo Colborn confirmed the risk of ‘brain contamination’ through the food chain and ‘bio-accumulation’. The contamination of the ecosphere by environmental hormones - an issue which no modern human can avoid - is a ‘negative legacy’ contrasting with the economic wealth brought by modern rationality. In this article, we consider the role of the environmental ethics which societies and individuals will be required to practice in the near future and examines the role of ‘environmental management’ as a preventive policy carrying the morality of the modern organization

Socio-biological Hazard and Systemic Breakdown: From the AIDS Pandemic to Viral Outbreaks

Iatrogenic HIV infection refers here to cases of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) caused by administration of blood products. Following the discovery of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in 1981, numerous warnings were issued by experts regarding the use of blood products. In spite of this, no switch to cryoprecipitate or other effective measures were taken, and the authorization of safe heated products was also delayed, as a result of which 40% of Japanese hemophiliacs, or some 2,000 people, fell victim. Additionally, since insufficient risk data was provided, the infection spread to partners, families, and other associates of hemophiliacs through secondary and tertiary infection. In connection, questions were asked as to the degree of responsibility of those institutions which had been involved in the outbreak and spread of the infection. The cause of the outbreak has been said to lie in the web of collusive relationships linking industry, government, and academia, and three groups in particular: the pharmaceutical manufacturers who undertook the manufacture and sale of the blood products, the former Ministry of Health and Welfare, which held approval and licensing authority over these pharmaceutical products, and the AIDS Research Group commissioned by the former Ministry of Health and Welfare. Underpinning the collusion between these three groups must have been an unwritten law recognized among them as inviolable. This points up the pressing need to reform the poor practice and customs latent in Japan’s pharmaceutical manufacturing industry and by extension the ethos and culture of Japan’s industry and organizations. This article aims additionally to analyze the iatrogenic AIDS problem from a global perspective through international comparisons of the number of people infected with HIV and also to look from a ‘sociobiological’ perspective at the possibility of viral outbreaks in the near future and the conditions that have precipitated this hazard

Effect of Laughter Yoga on Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical usefulness of laughter yoga for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in a pulmonary rehabilitation setting. Design: Pilot study, with randomization of participants. Setting: This study was conducted by the Yoshino-cho National Health Insurance Yoshino Hospital Department of Internal Medicine. Participants: Stable outpatients with COPD (7 men and 1 woman, age 64 to 84 years) participated in the pulmonary rehabilitation program during a 2-week period. Intervention : The patients were divided into two groups based on a sealed envelope randomization method. The laughter yoga group had a 10-min laughter yoga session before exercise training. Patients in both groups had exercise training, educational programs, lung physiotherapy, and nutrition counseling. Outcome Measures: Health-related quality of life using the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) and the Medical Research Council (MRC) Health Survey Short Form 36-item (SF-36), depression scores using the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), anxiety scores using State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and spirometry, the 6-minute walk test and mMRC dyspnea scale results were evaluated before and at 2 weeks after the program in both groups. Results: There were significant improvements in the SGRQ impacts domain and the SF-36 general health domain in the laughter yoga group, while the SF-36 physical functioning domain significantly improved in the control group. SDS and STAI result did not significantly change in either group. Spirometry, the 6-minute walk test, and MRC dyspnea scale results did not significantly change in either group. Conclusion: Laughter yoga may improve the psychological quality of life in patients with COPD

In-Stent Yellow Plaque at 1 Year After Implantation Is Associated With Future Event of Very Late Stent Failure The DESNOTE Study (Detect the Event of Very late Stent Failure From the Drug-Eluting Stent Not Well Covered by Neointima Determined by Angioscopy)

AbstractObjectivesThis study examined whether coronary angioscopy-verified in-stent yellow plaque at 1 year after drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation is associated with future event of very late stent failure (VLSF).BackgroundAtherosclerosis detected as yellow plaque by angioscopy has been associated with future events of acute coronary syndrome. Development of in-stent neoatherosclerosis is a probable mechanism of VLSF.MethodsThis study included 360 consecutive patients who received successful angioscopic examination at 1 year after implantation of a DES. They were clinically followed up for VLSF defined as cardiac death, acute myocardial infarction or unstable angina, or need for revascularization associated with the stent site.ResultsThe follow-up interval was 1,558 ± 890 days (4.3 ± 2.4 years). The incidence of VLSF was significantly higher in the patients with yellow plaque than in those without (8.1% vs. 1.6%; log rank p = 0.02). Multivariable analysis revealed the presence of yellow plaque (hazard ratio [HR]: 5.38; p = 0.02) and absence of statin therapy (HR: 3.25; p = 0.02) as risks of VLSF.ConclusionsIn-stent atherosclerosis evaluated by yellow plaque at 1 year after the implantation of DES and the absence of statin therapy were risks of VLSF. The underlying mechanism of VLSF appeared to be the progression of atherosclerosis as demonstrated by the yellow plaque